Monograph of Nitric Acid Part I

Proper handling and storage:

Nitric Acid should be stored in glass bottles, away from substances like turpentine, carbides, fulminates, picrates, chlorates, metallic powders, and combustible materials. Containers should be protectedagainst mechanical damage, as these are hazardous. Nitric acid is an oxidizer and should not be in contact with canisters or cartridges that contain oxidizable materials. Dispose empty containers properly, as these retain residues.

Wear impervious clothing like boots, gloves, goggles, and laboratory gown to prevent skin contact. Never use hot water. Add substance slowly and in small amounts. Addition of nitric acid to water can cause spattering and violent water. Always add acids to water and not the other way around. Work in a well-ventilated environment and with a fully-operational eye wash fountain and quick drench facilities.

Synonyms: 

• Hydrogen Nitrate, spirit of niter, aqua fortis
• CAS number: 7697-37-2
• Molecular formula: HNO3
• Molar mass: 63.01 g. mol-1
• Exact mass: 62.995642903 g. mol-1
• Density: 3.382 g/cm3 (25°C)
• Melting point: -42°C
• Boiling point: 87°C
• Decomposition point: 240°C
• Saturation concentration: 7,200 ppm (20°C); 9,300 ppm (20°C)
• Viscosity: 0.0076 P (25°C)
• Vapor density: 2.5 (air=1)
• Vapor pressure: 48 mmHg (20°C)
• Surface tension: 60.7 erg/cm2 (20°C)
• Refractive index: 1.39717 (14°C)
• Dipole moment: 2.17 D
• pKa/pKb: strong acid
• Thermal expansion: 0.00033/K (-96°C)
• Heat of fusion: 2.5 kJ/mol.
• Heat of vaporization: 39.1 kJ/mol.